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PDF MC12179D Data sheet ( Hoja de datos )
| Número de pieza | MC12179D | |
| Descripción | 500 - 2800 MHz SINGLE CHANNEL FREQUENCY SYNTHESIZER | |
| Fabricantes | Motorola Semiconductors | |
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Order this document by MC12179/D
500-2800 MHz Single Channel
Frequency Synthesizer
The MC12179 is a monolithic Bipolar synthesizer integrating the high
frequency prescaler, phase/frequency detector, charge pump, and reference
oscillator/buffer functions. When combined with an external loop filter and
VCO, the MC12179 serves as a complete PLL subsystem. Motorola’s
advanced MOSAIC™ V technology is utilized for low power operation at a
5.0 V supply voltage. The device is designed for operation up to 2.8 GHz for
high frequency applications such as CATV down converters and satellite
receiver tuners.
• 2.8 GHz Maximum Operating Frequency
• Low Power Supply Current of 3.5 mA Typical, Including ICC
and IP Currents
• Supply Voltage of 5.0 V Typical
• Integrated Divide by 256 Prescaler
• On–Chip Reference Oscillator/Buffer
– 2.0 to 11 MHz Operation When Driven From Reference Source
– 5.0 to 11 MHz Operation When Used With a Crystal
• Digital Phase/Frequency Detector with Linear Transfer Function
• Balanced Charge Pump Output
• Space Efficient 8–Lead SOIC
• Operating Temperature Range of –40 to 85°C
For additional information on calculating the loop filter components, an
InterActiveApNote™ document containing software (based on a Microsoft
Excel spreadsheet) and an Application Note is available. Please order
DK306/D from the Motorola Literature Distribution Center.
MOSAIC V, Mfax and InterActiveApNote are trademarks of Motorola, Inc.
MAXIMUM RATINGS (Note 1)
Parameter
Power Supply Voltage, Pin 2
Power Supply Voltage, Pin 7
Storage Temperature Range
Symbol
VCC
VP
Tstg
Value
–0.5 to 6.0
VCC to 6.0
–65 to 150
Unit
Vdc
Vdc
°C
NOTES: 1. Maximum Ratings are those values beyond which damage to the device may
occur. Functional operation should be restricted to the Recommended
Operating Conditions as identified in the Electrical Characteristics table.
2. ESD data available upon request.
Block Diagram
MC12179
500 – 2800 MHz
SINGLE CHANNEL
FREQUENCY SYNTHESIZER
SEMICONDUCTOR
TECHNICAL DATA
8
1
D SUFFIX
PLASTIC PACKAGE
CASE 751
(SO–8)
PIN CONNECTIONS
OSCin 1
VCC 2
Gnd 3
Fin 4
8 OSCout
7 VP
6 PDout
5 GndP
(Top View)
OSCin
OSCout
Crystal
Oscillator
Prescaler
Fin ÷256
fr
Phase/Frequency
Detector
fv
Charge
Pump
PDout
ORDERING INFORMATION
Device
Operating
Temperature Range
Package
MC12179D TA = –40° to +85°C
SO–8
© Motorola, Inc. 1997
Rev 3
1 page  
MC12179
+ ) ) )CI
CAMP
CSTRAY
C1
C1
C2
C2
Provided the crystal and associated components are
located immediately next to the IC, thus minimizing the stray
capacitance, the combined value of CAMP and CSTRAY is
approximately 5pF. Note that the location of the OSCin and
OSCout pins at the end of the package, facilitates placing the
crystal, resistor and the C1 and C2 capacitors very close to
the device. Usually, one of the capacitors is in parallel with an
adjustable capacitor used to trim the frequency of oscillation.
It is important that the total external (to the IC) capacitance
seen by either OSCin or OSCout, be no greater than 30pF.
In operation, the crystal oscillator will start up with the
application of power. If the crystal is in a can that is not
grounded it is often possible to monitor the frequency of
oscillation by connecting an oscilloscope probe to the can;
this technique minimizes any disturbance to the circuit. If a
malfunction is indicated, a high impedance, low capacitance,
FET probe may be connected to either OSCin or OSCout.
Signals typically seen at those points will be very nearly
sinusoidal with amplitudes of roughly 300 to 600 mVpp.
Some distortion is inevitable and has little bearing on the
accuracy of the signal going to the phase detector.
Loop Filter Design
Because the device is designed for a non–frequency agile
synthesizer (i.e., how fast it tunes is not critical) the loop filter
design is very straight forward. The current output of the
charge pump allows the loop filter to be realized without the
need of any active components. The preferred topology for
the filter is illustrated below in Figure 5.
Figure 5. Loop Filter
Xtl Ph/Frq Chrg
Osc Det Pump
Kp
÷256 N
MC12179
VCO
Ro Rx
Kv
Co Ca
Cx
The Ro/Co components realize the primary loop filter. Ca is
added to the loop filter to provide for reference sideband
suppression. If additional suppression is needed, the Rx/Cx
realizes an additional filter. In most applications, this will not
be necessary. If all components are used, this results in a 4th
order PLL, which makes analysis difficult. To simplify this, the
loop design will be treated as a 2nd order loop (Ro/Co) and
additional guidelines are provided to minimize the influence
of the other components. If more rigorous analysis is needed,
mathematical/system simulation tools can be used.
Component
Ca
Rx
Cx
Guideline
<0.1 × Co
>10 × Ro
<0.1 × Co
The focus of the design effort is to determine what the
loop’s natural frequency, ωo, should be. This is determined by
Ro, Co, Kp, Kv, and N. Because Kp, Kv, and N are given, it is
only necessary to calculate values for Ro and Co. There are
3 considerations in selecting the loop bandwidth:
1) Maximum loop bandwidth for minimum tuning speed
2) Optimum loop bandwidth for best phase noise
performance
3) Minimum loop bandwidth for greatest reference
sideband suppression
Usually a compromise is struck between these 3 cases,
however, for the fixed frequency application, minimizing the
tuning speed is not a critical parameter.
To specify the loop bandwidth for optimal phase noise
performance, an understanding of the sources of phase
noise in the system and the effect of the loop filter on them is
required. There are 3 major sources of phase noise in the
phase–locked loop – the crystal reference, the VCO, and the
loop contribution. The loop filter acts as a low–pass filter to
the crystal reference and the loop contribution equal to the
total divide–by–N ratio. This is mathematically described in
Figure 10. The loop filter acts as a high–pass filter to the VCO
with an in–band gain equal to unity. This is described in
Figure 11. The loop contribution includes the PLL IC, as well
as noise in the system; supply noise, switching noise, etc.
For this example, a loop contribution of 15 dB has been
selected, which corresponds to data in Figure 14.
The crystal reference and the VCO are characterized as
high–order 1/f noise sources. Graphical analysis is used to
determine the optimum loop bandwidth. It is necessary to
have noise plots from the manufacturer. This method
provides a straightforward approximation suitable for quickly
estimating the optimal bandwidth. The loop contribution is
characterized as white–noise or low–order 1/f noise given in
the form of a noise factor which combines all the noise effects
into a single value. The phase noise of the Crystal Reference
is increased by the noise factor of the PLL IC and related
circuitry. It is further increased by the total divide–by–N ratio
of the loop. This is illustrated in Figure 6.
The point at which the VCO phase noise crosses the
amplified phase noise of the Crystal Reference is the point of
the optimum loop bandwidth. In the example of Figure 6, the
optimum bandwidth is approximately 15 KHz.
MOTOROLA RF/IF DEVICE DATA
5
5 Page 
MC12179
AD
OUTLINE DIMENSIONS
D SUFFIX
PLASTIC PACKAGE
CASE 751-06
(SO–8)
ISSUE T
C
8
E
1
5
H
4
0.25 M B M
Be
h X 45 _
q
CA
SEATING
PLANE
A1 B
0.10
0.25 M C B S A S
L
NOTES:
1. DIMENSIONING AND TOLERANCING PER ASME
Y14.5M, 1994.
2. DIMENSIONS ARE IN MILLIMETER.
3. DIMENSION D AND E DO NOT INCLUDE MOLD
PROTRUSION.
4. MAXIMUM MOLD PROTRUSION 0.15 PER SIDE.
5. DIMENSION B DOES NOT INCLUDE DAMBAR
PROTRUSION. ALLOWABLE DAMBAR
PROTRUSION SHALL BE 0.127 TOTAL IN EXCESS
OF THE B DIMENSION AT MAXIMUM MATERIAL
CONDITION.
MILLIMETERS
DIM MIN MAX
A 1.35 1.75
A1 0.10 0.25
B 0.35 0.49
C 0.19 0.25
D 4.80 5.00
E 3.80 4.00
e 1.27 BSC
H 5.80 6.20
h 0.25 0.50
L 0.40 1.25
q 0_ 7_
Motorola reserves the right to make changes without further notice to any products herein. Motorola makes no warranty, representation or guarantee regarding
the suitability of its products for any particular purpose, nor does Motorola assume any liability arising out of the application or use of any product or circuit, and
specifically disclaims any and all liability, including without limitation consequential or incidental damages. “Typical” parameters which may be provided in Motorola
data sheets and/or specifications can and do vary in different applications and actual performance may vary over time. All operating parameters, including “Typicals”
must be validated for each customer application by customer’s technical experts. Motorola does not convey any license under its patent rights nor the rights of
others. Motorola products are not designed, intended, or authorized for use as components in systems intended for surgical implant into the body, or other
applications intended to support or sustain life, or for any other application in which the failure of the Motorola product could create a situation where personal injury
or death may occur. Should Buyer purchase or use Motorola products for any such unintended or unauthorized application, Buyer shall indemnify and hold Motorola
and its officers, employees, subsidiaries, affiliates, and distributors harmless against all claims, costs, damages, and expenses, and reasonable attorney fees
arising out of, directly or indirectly, any claim of personal injury or death associated with such unintended or unauthorized use, even if such claim alleges that
Motorola was negligent regarding the design or manufacture of the part. Motorola and are registered trademarks of Motorola, Inc. Motorola, Inc. is an Equal
Opportunity/Affirmative Action Employer.
How to reach us:
USA / EUROPE / Locations Not Listed: Motorola Literature Distribution;
P.O. Box 5405, Denver, Colorado 80217. 1–303–675–2140 or 1–800–441–2447
Mfax is a trademark of Motorola, Inc.
JAPAN: Nippon Motorola Ltd.: SPD, Strategic Planning Office, 141,
4–32–1 Nishi–Gotanda, Shagawa–ku, Tokyo, Japan. 03–5487–8488
Customer Focus Center: 1–800–521–6274
Motorola Fax Back System
– US & Canada ONLY 1–800–774–1848
– http://sps.motorola.com/mfax/
HOME PAGE: http://motorola.com/sps/
ASIA/PACIFIC: Motorola Semiconductors H.K. Ltd.; 8B Tai Ping Industrial Park,
51 Ting Kok Road, Tai Po, N.T., Hong Kong. 852–26629298
MOTOROLA RF/IF DEVICE DATA◊
MC1211719/D
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